I-Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) inqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa idolo lesiguli esinesifo esibi kakhulu samalunga esiwohlokayo noma isifo samalunga esivuvukalayo bese ithatha indawo yesakhiwo samalunga esilimele nge-prosthesis yokwenziwa. Umgomo walokhu kuhlinzwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamalunga, nokubuyisela ikhwalithi yempilo yansuku zonke yesiguli. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela ususa amathambo nezicubu ezithambile ezilimele, bese efaka i-prosthesis yokwenziwa eyenziwe ngensimbi nepulasitiki edolweni ukuze alingise ukunyakaza kwamalunga avamile. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukubhekwa ezimweni zobuhlungu obukhulu, ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe, kanye nokwelashwa okungasebenzi kahle kokulondoloza, futhi kuhloswe ukusiza iziguli ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwamalunga okuvamile kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila.
1. Kuyini ukuhlinzwa kokufaka esikhundleni sedolo?
Ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha idolo, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuvuselela idolo, kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezinkulu zamalunga edolo. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokususa izindawo zamalunga edolo ezonakele, njengezindawo zamalunga ze-distal femur kanye ne-proximal tibia, futhi ngezinye izikhathi indawo ye-patellar, bese kufakwa izitho zokufakelwa zamalunga zokwenziwa ukuze kufakwe lezi zingxenye ezonakele, ngaleyo ndlela kubuyiselwe ukuzinza kanye nobubanzi bokunyakaza kwamalunga.
Izimbangela zokulimala kwamalunga edolo zingafaka phakathi i-osteoarthritis, i-rheumatoid arthritis, i-traumatic arthritis, njll. Uma lezi zifo zibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu bamadolo, ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe, ukukhubazeka kwamalunga, kanye nokwelashwa okulondolozayo kungasebenzi, ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha idolo kuba ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo.
Inqubo yokuhlinzwa ivame ukuhilela izinyathelo ezilandelayo: Okokuqala, yenza ukusika okuphakathi nendawo endaweni ehlangene nedolo ukuze uveze idolo; bese usebenzisa amathuluzi ukwenza ukubhoboza indawo kanye ne-osteotomy engxenyeni engezansi ye-femur kanye nengxenye engenhla ye-tibia; bese ulinganisa bese ufaka i-prosthesis yokufakelwa efanele, kufaka phakathi i-femoral pad, i-tibial pad, i-meniscus kanye ne-patellar prosthesis; ekugcineni, hlikihla izicubu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba kanye nesikhumba ukuze uqedele ukuhlinzwa.
Umphumela wokuhlinzwa kokushintsha idolo uvame ukuba mkhulu, okungaqeda ubuhlungu ngempumelelo, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwamalunga, futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila kwesiguli. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa kunezingozi ezithile, njengokutheleleka, i-thrombosis, izingozi zokubulala izinzwa, izinkinga zokuhlinzwa, ukukhululeka noma ukwehluleka kwe-prosthesis, njll.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, iziguli zidinga ukuhlolwa okuphelele, zixhumane ngokugcwele nodokotela, ziqonde izingozi nemiphumela yokuhlinzwa, futhi zilandele iseluleko sikadokotela sokulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kanye nokuvuselelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ngokuvamile, ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha idolo kuyindlela evuthiwe nephumelelayo yokwelapha izifo ezinzima zedolo, okungaletha ithemba elisha namathuba okuthuthukisa impilo yeziguli.
2. Yiziphi izinto ezisetshenziswayo ekuhlinzeni idolo esikhundleni salo?
Amathuluzi okuhlinza afaka phakathi i-screwdriver ye-hexagon, isikhunta sokuhlola i-tibial, isikhunta sokuhlola ukujiya, idivayisi yokulinganisa i-tibial, i-patellar chute osteotome, i-slider, i-tibial extramedullary locator, i-ruler, i-femoral osteotomy test mold extractor, i-anesthetic, induku yokuthola i-intramedullary, i-opening cone, induku ye-tibial extramedullary force line, isando esishelelayo, i-bone rasp, i-cancellous bone depressor, i-tightener, i-tibial test mold depressor, i-guide, i-extractor kanye nebhokisi lamathuluzi.
3. Singakanani isikhathi sokululama kokuhlinzwa kokufakelwa idolo?
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile yokugeza. Izithungo noma izisekelo zokuhlinzwa zizosuswa ngesikhathi sokuvakasha ehhovisi okulandelayo.
Ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uphakamise umlenze wakho noma ufake iqhwa edolweni.
Thatha umuthi wokuqeda ubuhlungu njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho. I-aspirin noma eminye imithi ethile yobuhlungu ingandisa amathuba okopha. Qiniseka ukuthi uthatha imithi enconyiwe kuphela.
Yazisa udokotela wakho ukuthi abike noma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:
1. Umkhuhlane
2. Ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukopha, noma okunye ukuphuma kwamanzi endaweni yokusikwa
3. Ubuhlungu obandayo eduze kwendawo yokusikwa
Ungaqhubeka nokudla kwakho okuvamile ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho akunike iseluleko esihlukile.
Akufanele ushayele kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekuyala. Kungase kube neminye imikhawulo yokusebenza. Ukululama okuphelele ngemva kokuhlinzwa kungathatha izinyanga eziningana.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ugweme ukuwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokufakelwa idolo lakho, ngoba ukuwa kungabangela umonakalo esilungwini esisha. Udokotela wakho angase akuncomele ithuluzi lokusiza (udondolo noma i-walker) ukuze likusize uhambe kuze kube yilapho amandla akho kanye nebhalansi yakho ithuthuka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-06-2025
