I-Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) iyinqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa idolo elihlangene lesiguli esinesifo esibi esiwohlokayo samalunga noma isifo samalunga esivuvukalayo bese sishintsha isakhiwo esihlangene esilimele nge-prosthesis yokwenziwa. Umgomo walokhu kuhlinzwa uwukukhulula ubuhlungu, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamalunga, nokubuyisela izinga lempilo yesiguli yansuku zonke. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela ukhipha ithambo elilimele kanye nezicubu ezithambile, abese efaka i-prosthesis yokwenziwa eyenziwe ngensimbi nepulasitiki endaweni ehlangene yamadolo ukuze alingise ukunyakaza kwelunga elivamile. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukucatshangelwa ezimweni zobuhlungu obukhulu, ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe, nokwelashwa okungasebenzi kahle, futhi kuhloswe ukusiza iziguli ukubuyisela ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwamalunga kanye nezinga lokuphila.
1.Kuyini ukuhlinzwa esikhundleni sedolo?
Ukuhlinzwa kokubuyisela idolo, okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi i-knee resurfacing, kuyindlela yokuhlinza esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezimbi kakhulu zamadolo. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokususa izindawo ezihlangene zamadolo ezilimele, njengezindawo ze-articular ze-distal femur kanye ne-proximal tibia, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-patellar surface, bese ifaka ama-prostheses ahlangene okufakelwa ukuze athathe indawo yalezi zingxenye ezilimele, ngaleyo ndlela abuyisele ukuzinza nobubanzi bokunyakaza kokuhlangana.
Izimbangela zokulimala kwamalunga edolo zingase zihlanganise i-osteoarthritis, i-rheumatoid arthritis, i-traumatic arthritis, njll. Uma lezi zifo zibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu emadolweni, ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe, ukukhubazeka kwamalunga, kanye nokwelashwa okuvamile kungasebenzi, ukuhlinza esikhundleni samadolo kuba ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo.
Inqubo yokuhlinza ngokuvamile ihilela izinyathelo ezilandelayo: Okokuqala, yenza i-midline longitudinal incision endaweni ehlangene yamadolo ukuze uveze idolo elihlangene; ke, sebenzisa izinsimbi ukuze wenze ukumba indawo kanye ne-osteotomy ekugcineni okuphansi kwe-femur kanye nokuphela okuphezulu kwe-tibia; bese, ulinganisa futhi ufake i-prosthesis yelunga lokwenziwa efanelekile, okuhlanganisa i-femoral pad, i-tibial pad, i-meniscus ne-patellar prosthesis; ekugcineni, suture izicubu ezingaphansi nesikhumba ukuze uqedele ukusebenza.
Umphumela wokuhlinzwa esikhundleni samadolo ngokuvamile ubalulekile, okungadambisa ubuhlungu ngokuphumelelayo, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwamalunga, futhi kuthuthukise izinga lokuphila lesiguli. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa nakho kunezingozi ezithile, njengokutheleleka, i-thrombosis, izingozi ze-anesthesia, izinkinga zokuhlinzwa, ukuxegiswa kwe-prosthesis noma ukwehluleka, njll.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, iziguli zidinga ukuhlolwa okuphelele, ukuxhumana nodokotela ngokugcwele, ukuqonda izingozi nemiphumela yokuhlinzwa, futhi zilandele iseluleko sikadokotela sokulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kanye nokuvuselelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ngokuvamile, ukuhlinzwa esikhundleni samadolo kuyindlela evuthiwe futhi ephumelelayo yokwelapha izifo ezinzima zamadolo, ezingaletha ithemba elisha namathuba okuthuthukisa impilo yeziguli.
2.Iziphi izinsimbi ezisetshenziswayo ekuhlinzweni kokushintshwa kwedolo?
Amathuluzi okuhlinza ahlanganisa i-screwdriver ye-hexagon, isikhunta sokuhlola i-tibial, isikhunta sokuhlola ukushuba, idivayisi yokulinganisa i-tibial, i-patellar chute osteotome, isilayidi, i-tibial extramedullary locator, i-rula, i-femoral osteotomy test mold extractor, i-anesthetic, i-intramedullary i-extramedullary i-extramedullary i-tica force yokuvula i-extramedullary i-extramedullary induku yomugqa, isando esishelelayo, i-rasp yamathambo, isicindezeli samathambo esikhansela, into eqinisayo, i-tibial test mold depressor, igayidi, i-extractor kanye nebhokisi lamathuluzi.
3.Yini isikhathi sokululama sokuhlinzwa kokubuyisela idolo?
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile yokugeza. Izithungo noma izisekelo zokuhlinzwa zizosuswa ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwehhovisi lokulandelela.
Ukuze usize ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uphakamise umlenze wakho noma usebenzise iqhwa emadolweni.
Thatha umuthi wokudambisa izinhlungu ngenxa yobuhlungu njengoba unconywe udokotela wakho. I-Aspirin noma eminye imithi yezinhlungu ingase ikhulise ithuba lokopha. Qiniseka ukuthi uthatha imithi enconyiwe kuphela.
Yazisa udokotela wakho ukuthi abike noma yikuphi kokulandelayo:
1.Umkhuhlane
2.Ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukopha, noma okunye ukugeleza kwamanzi endaweni yokusikwa
3.Ukwanda kobuhlungu eduze kwendawo yokusika
Ungase uqale kabusha ukudla kwakho okuvamile ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekweluleka ngendlela ehlukile.
Akufanele ushayele udokotela wakho aze akutshele. Eminye imikhawulo yomsebenzi ingasebenza. Ukululama ngokugcwele kusukela ekuhlinzweni kungase kuthathe izinyanga ezimbalwa.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ugweme ukuwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwakho esikhundleni samadolo, ngoba ukuwa kungaholela ekulimaleni kwelunga elisha. Umhlinzeki wakho angase ancome idivayisi yokusiza (umhlanga noma isihambi) ukuze akusize uhambe kuze kube yilapho amandla akho nokulinganisela kuthuthuka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-06-2025
