By I-CAHEzokwelapha | Sichuan, eShayina
Kubathengi abafuna ama-MOQ aphansi kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo ephezulu, abaphakeli be-Multispecialty banikeza ukwenza ngokwezifiso kwe-MOQ ephansi, izixazululo ze-logistics kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni, kanye nokuthengwa kwezigaba eziningi, okusekelwa ulwazi lwabo olucebile embonini kanye nensizakalo kanye nokuqonda okuqinile kwezitayela zomkhiqizo ezisafufusa.
Ⅰ. Yiziphi izinhlobo ezine zokuphuka kwe-femoral?
1. Ukuphuka kwe-proximal femur
Ukuphuka kwentamo ye-femoral: Kuvame kakhulu ezigulini esezikhulile ezine-osteoporosis futhi kungaholela kalula ekushayweni yi-ischemia kanye ne-necrosis yekhanda le-femoral.
Ukuphuka kwe-Intertrochanteric: Umugqa wokuphuka utholakala phakathi kwe-trochanter enkulu ne-trochanter encane, lapho igazi litholakala khona kangcono futhi izinga lokuphulukiswa liphezulu.
Ukuqhekeka kwe-subtrochanteric: kwenzeka ngaphansi kwe-trochanter encane, okubangelwa kakhulu ukulimala okunamandla aphezulu, futhi kuvame ukudinga ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa.
2. Ukuphuka komgodi we-femoral
Ukuphuka kwenzeka phakathi kwe-femur futhi kuvame ukubangelwa ubudlova obuqondile (isb., izingozi zezimoto, ukuwa), okuvame ukuhambisana nokufuduka okukhulu kanye nomonakalo wezicubu ezithambile.
3. Ukuphuka kwe-distal femur
Ukuphuka kwe-supracondylar kwe-femur: eduze kwejoyinti ledolo, kungase kuhilele indawo ehlangene, futhi kudinga ukunciphisa ukwakheka komzimba ukuze kubuyiselwe ukusebenza kwamalunga.
Ukuqhekeka kwe-interfemoral intercondylar: okubandakanya ama-medial kanye nama-outer femoral condyles, i-articular plane flat idinga ukuhlolwa ukuze kuvinjelwe i-arthritis ebuhlungu
Ⅱ. Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele zithathwe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwezinzipho ze-femoral?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukunaka okuyinhloko kufanele kunikezwe izici ezilandelayo: Okokuqala, qaphela ukuphuma kwegazi endaweni yokuhlinzwa, bese usebenzisa ama-antibiotic ngokufanele amahora angama-24 kuya kwangama-48 ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuvimbela ukutheleleka. Indawo yokuhlinzwa ishintshwa njalo, bese amanzi asuswa zingakapheli amahora angama-24. Okwesibili, yenza imisebenzi yamalunga esinqeni nasedolweni kanye nokuzivocavoca okusebenzayo ngokushesha okukhulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Izinzipho ze-intramedullary zokuphuka kwe-femoral shaft zifaka izinzipho ezidinga ukubethelwa ezinhlanganisweni zesinqe noma zedolo, okuzobangela umonakalo othile ezicutshini ezithambile ezizungeze amalunga futhi kungabangela ukuqongelela kwegazi emalungeni. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukwenza ukuhlanganiswa kwamalunga kusenesikhathi ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuvimbela izinkinga ezifana nokunamathelana kwamalunga, kanye nokunciphisa ukwakheka kwe-deep vein thrombosis emalungeni aphansi. Okwesithathu, akukhuthazwa ukuthwala izinsimbi kusenesikhathi kakhulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa, futhi kuyadingeka ukubukeza njalo ama-X-ray ukuze uqonde ukukhula nokuphulukiswa kwesiqu sokwaphuka, kanye nokukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa kwamalunga ngendlela efanele ngemithi.
Ⅲ. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-PFN A ne-A2?
I-PFN-A kanye ne-A2 ziyimiqondo emibili ehluke ngokuphelele, eyokuqala iyithuluzi lokulungisa langaphakathi lokwelapha ukuphuka kwe-femoral intertrochanteric (izinzipho ezilwa nokujikeleza kwe-proximal femoral intramedullary), kanti eyokugcina iyisigaba sokuqhekeka kwe-femoral intertrochanteric ohlelweni lokuthayipha lwe-AO.
I-PFN-A iyithuluzi elithile lokufakelwa kwangaphakathi lokuhlinzwa, elimele ukuthi “Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-rotation”. Luhlelo lwezipikili olusebenza ngaphakathi kwe-medullary olulungisa ukwaphuka ngokuzifaka emgodini we-femoral medullary, olunezici zokulwa nokujikeleza kanye nokuqina okuzinzile, futhi lusetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni ukwaphuka kwe-intertrochanteric kwe-femoral femoral ngezinhlobo ze-AO A1, A2, A3 kanye nokuqhekeka okuphezulu kwe-subtrochanteric.
I-A2 iyincazelo yohlobo lokuqhekeka kwe-femoral phakathi kwe-trochanteric ohlelweni lokuhlukanisa i-AO futhi ihlukaniswa njengokuqhekeka okungazinzile. Ngokusho kohlelo lwe-AO, ukuqhekeka kohlobo lwe-A2 kubonakala ngomugqa wokuqhekeka odlula esifundeni se-trochanteric kanye nokuqhekeka kwe-cortex ephakathi okungenani ezindaweni ezimbili ezinenani elikhulu lamabhulokhi okuqhekeka. Ihlukaniswe kabanzi ngokuthi:
Uhlobo A2.1: Kukhona inqwaba yokuqhekeka okuphakathi phakathi kwama-trochanter.
Uhlobo A2.2: Kunezithiyo eziningi zokuqhekeka eziphakathi nendawo phakathi kwama-trochanter.
Uhlobo A2.3: Umugqa wokuqhekeka udlula ngaphezu kwe-1cm ngaphansi kwe-trochanter encane
Ngamafuphi, i-PFN-A iyithuluzi lokwelapha kanti i-A2 uhlobo lokuphuka. Ngokwezokwelapha, odokotela bazokhetha indlela efanele yokulungisa ngaphakathi ngokwesigaba se-AO sokuphuka kwesiguli (njengohlobo lwe-A2), kanti i-PFN-A ingenye yezindlela ezivamile zokuhlinzwa zokwelapha ukuphuka kwe-femoral okungazinzile njengohlobo lwe-A2.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-26-2026
