Usimende wamathambo wamathambo amathambo yinto esetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlinzweni kwamathambo. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukususa ama-prosuses ahlanganisiwe wokufakelwa, gcwalisa amathambo ama-cavities, futhi unikeze ukwesekwa nokulungiswa kokwelashwa kwe-Fracture. Kugcwalisa igebe phakathi kwamalunga okufakelwa nezicubu zamathambo, kunciphisa ukugqoka nokuhlupheka nokuhlupheka, futhi kuthuthukisa umphumela wokuhlinzwa okuhlangene.
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwezipikili zikasimende wamathambo yilezi:
1. Ukulungiswa kwama-fractures: usimende wamathambo angasetshenziswa ukugcwalisa nokulungisa amasayithi we-fracture.
2. Ukuhlinzwa kwama-Orthopedic: ekuhlinzweni kwamathambo, usimende wamathambo usetshenziselwa ukulungisa kabusha indawo ehlanganisiwe.
I-3. Ukulungiswa kwe-Bone kulungiswa
Ngokufanelekile, usimende wamathambo kufanele ube nezimpawu ezilandelayo: (1) Ukuchazwa okwanele, izakhiwo ezihlelekile, ubumbano, kanye ne-radiopacity yezakhiwo ezisebenza kahle; (2) Amandla owenele wemishini yokuqiniswa ngokushesha; . (4) I-OsteoCoductivity enhle kanye nokukhuthaza ukwakheka okusha kwethambo; . kanye (6) namakhono okulethwa kwezidakamizwa asebenza kahle.
Ngawo-1970, usimende wamathamboindawo yokuhlanganaUkulungiswa kwe-prosthesis, futhi kungasetshenziswa futhi njengokugcwaliswa kwezicubu nezinto zokulungisa kuma-orthopedics kanye namazinyo. Njengamanje, ama-bone asetshenziswa kakhulu futhi acwaningwe amathambo afaka i-polymethyll methacrrylate (PMMA) ithambo usimende, i-calcium phone usimende no usimende we-calcium sulfate. Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswayo zomusi wethambo zifaka i-polymethyll methacrrylate (PMMA) ithambo usimende, i-calcium phone ithambo usimende, phakathi kwalo usimende we-PMMA ithambo i-CEMAN ne-Calcium Phone Phone Conment esetshenziswa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, usimende wamathambo we-calcium sulfate anomsebenzi ongemuhle wezinto eziphilayo futhi awukwazi ukwakha izibopho zamakhemikhali phakathi kwezicubu ze-calcium sulfate kanye nezicubu zamathambo, futhi kuzodalula ngokushesha. Usimende usimende we-calcium sulfate bone ungahle unyathelwe ngokuphelele kungakapheli amasonto ayisithupha ngemuva kokufakwa emzimbeni. Lokhu kukonakala okusheshayo akuhambelani nenqubo yokwakhiwa kwamathambo. Ngakho-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-calcium phone mbone usimende, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa komtholampilo kwe-calcium sulfate amathambo usimende kulinganiselwe. Usimende we-PMMA ithambo yi-acrylic polymer eyakhiwe ngokuxubana izingxenye ezimbili: uketshezi lwe-methyl methacrylate monomer ne-hynamic methylrrylate-styrene copolymer. Inezinsalela eziphansi ze-monomer, ukumelana nokukhathala okuphansi kanye nokuqhekeka kwengcindezi, futhi kungakhanga ukwakheka kwamathambo amasha futhi kunciphise izehlakalo ezingezinhle ezibangelwa ukuphazamiseka ngamandla aphezulu kakhulu. Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-powder yayo yi-polymethyl methacrlate noma i-methyl methacrrylate-styrene copolymer, kanye nengxenye eyinhloko yoketshezi ngu-methylrrylate monomer.
Usimende we-PMMA ithambo linamandla aphezulu ashubile kanye nobuningi bemithobala, futhi aqine ngokushesha, ngakho-ke iziguli zingaphuma embhedeni futhi zisebenze kahle imisebenzi yokuqala ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ine-plastiki enhle kakhulu yokwakheka, futhi opharetha angenza noma yiluphi uplastiki ngaphambi kokuba usimende wamathambo siqinile. Izinto ezibonakalayo zinokusebenza okuhle kokuphepha, futhi akuwonakaliswa noma kudonswe ngumzimba womuntu ngemuva kokuya emzimbeni. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali sizinzile, futhi izakhiwo zemishini ziyaqashelwa.
Kodwa-ke, kusenokunye okubi, okufana ngezikhathi ezithile kubangela ingcindezi ephezulu emgodini wamathambo ngesikhathi sokugcwaliswa, okwenza amaconsi amafutha ukungena emithanjeni yegazi futhi adale i-embolism. Ngokungafani namathambo abantu, amalunga okufakelwa angahle akhululeke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ama-PMMA monomers akhipha ukushisa ngesikhathi se-polymerization, esingadala ukulimala kwezicubu ezizungezile noma amaseli. Izinto zokwakha ezenziwa usimende wamathambo zine-cytotoxicicity ethile, njll.
Izithako ezisesimweni sethambo zingadala ukusabela komzimba, njengokuqhuma, i-urticaria, i-dyspnea nezinye izimpawu, futhi ezimweni ezinzima, ukwethuka kwe-anaphylactic kungenzeka. Ukuhlolwa kwe-allergy kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ukugwema ukusabela komzimba. Ukuphendula okunamandla ku-Bone Cement kufaka phakathi i-Bone Cement Alerric Reaction, ukuvuza komoya wamathambo, ukuvuza usimende wamathayela. Ukuvuza komoya wethambo kungadala ukuvuvukala kwezicubu kanye nokushintsha okunobuthi, futhi kungalimaza ngisho nezinzwa nemithambo yegazi, okuholela ezinkingeni. Ukulungiswa kukasimende wamathambo kuthembeke kakhulu futhi kungahlala iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi, noma ngaphezu kweminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili.
Ukuhlinzwa kwesimende sethambo kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokuhlanza okuncane, futhi igama laso lesayensi liku-vertebroblasty. Isimende sethambo yinto ebonakalayo ye-polymer ene-fluidity enhle ngaphambi kokuqina. Kungangena kalula i-vertebrae ngenalithi yokushayelwa, bese uphazamisa emibhalweni yokuqhekeka yangaphakathi ye-vertebrae; Usimende wamathambo uqinisa cishe imizuzu eyi-10, unamathela imifantu emathanjeni, futhi usimende wethambo elinzima angadlala indima esekelayo ngaphakathi kwamathambo, okwenza i-vertebrae ibe namandla. Yonke inqubo yokwelashwa ithatha kuphela imizuzu engama-20-30.
Ukuze ugweme ukuguquguquka ngemuva kokuklomeliselwa kwesimemo sethambo, uhlobo olusha lwedivayisi yokuhlinzwa lwenziwe, okungukuthi idivaysi ye-vertebroplasty. Kwenza ukuvela okuncane emhlane wesiguli futhi kusebenzisa inalithi yokubhukuda ekhethekile yokubhoboza umzimba we-vertebral ngokusebenzisa isikhumba ngaphansi kokuqapha i-x-ray ukusungula isiteshi esisebenzayo. Ngemuva kwalokho i-balloon ifakwa ukulola umzimba we-vertebral ocindezelwe, bese usimende wamathambo ufakwe emzimbeni we-vertebral ukubuyisela ukubukeka komzimba we-vertebral ophukile. Ithambo elikhanyiselwe emzimbeni we-vertebral lihlanganiswe ngokunwetshwa kwe-balloon ukwakha isithiyo ukuvikela ukuvuza komoya wamathambo, ngenkathi kunciphisa ukucindezela kwesimo se-bone cement, lapho kunciphisa kakhulu ukuvuza komoya wethambo. It can reduce the incidence of complications related to fracture bed rest, such as pneumonia, pressure sores, urinary tract infections, etc., and avoid the vicious cycle of osteoporosis caused by bone loss due to long-term bed rest.
Uma kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-PKP, isiguli kufanele sivame ukuphumula embhedeni kungakapheli amahora amabili ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, futhi singaphenduka e-eksisi. Ngalesi sikhathi, uma kukhona umuzwa ongajwayelekile noma ubuhlungu obuya ngokuya buya matasa, udokotela kufanele aziswe ngesikhathi.
Qaphela:
Gwema ukujikeleza okukhulu okhalweni okhalweni kanye nemisebenzi yokugoba;
Gwema ukuhlala noma ume isikhathi eside;
Gwema ukuthwala isisindo noma ugobe ukuze uthathe izinto emhlabathini;
Gwema ukuhlala esihlalweni esiphansi;
⑤ Vimbela ukuwa kanye nokuphindaphindwa kwama-fractures.
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-25-2024
